Eating the Mediterranean Way May Protect Your Gums
A new UK study has found that following a Mediterranean diet rich in fruits, vegetables, olive oil, and fish is linked to reduced gum inflammation, highlighting how what we eat can directly impact oral health.
Why Gum Health Matters
Periodontal disease, commonly known as gum disease, is one of the leading causes of tooth loss worldwide. It begins with inflammation of the gums (gingivitis) and can progress to periodontitis, where the bone supporting the teeth is damaged. Beyond the mouth, gum disease has been connected to systemic health problems, including heart disease and diabetes.
Because diet is known to influence both inflammation and general health, researchers have long wondered: could eating patterns also protect against gum disease?
What Is the Mediterranean Diet?
The Mediterranean diet emphasizes:
1. Plenty of vegetables, fruits, and legumes
2. Whole grains
3. Moderate intake of fish and poultry
4. Olive oil as the main source of fat
5. Occasional red wine, consumed in moderation
This diet has been consistently linked to reduced risks of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and chronic inflammation. The new study tested whether it might also benefit gum health.
The Study at a Glance
Researchers at King’s College London examined data from adults in the UK to explore the relationship between dietary patterns and gum inflammation. Participants’ adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed using food frequency questionnaires, and their gum health was measured with standard periodontal indices.
The findings were clear: those who more closely followed the Mediterranean diet had lower levels of gum inflammation compared to those whose diets were less aligned with this pattern. The association held even after accounting for other factors such as age, smoking, and socioeconomic status.
Why This Matters
The results add to growing evidence that diet plays a central role in oral as well as overall health. While brushing, flossing, and regular dental visits remain essential, adopting an anti-inflammatory eating pattern like the Mediterranean diet could be a valuable extra step in protecting against gum disease.
The Takeaway
This study underscores that a healthy mouth doesn’t just depend on oral hygiene routines—it also depends on what’s on our plate. Choosing a Mediterranean-style diet may help reduce gum inflammation and support long-term oral and general health.
DOI: 10.1002/JPER.24-0580
Original Article: Mainas, G., Rathi, N., Brown, H., Jones, S., & Chapple, I. L. C. (2025). Relationship between Mediterranean diet and periodontal inflammation in a UK population-based cohort. Journal of Periodontology.